如是我聞：樵客老師的國文教學網站

上圖：馬丁路德．金恩（圖片引自網路）


題解

馬丁路德金恩博士（Martin Luther King, Jr.，1929年1月29日—1968年4月4日），美國著名的黑人民權領袖，1964年度獲頒諾貝爾和平獎。金恩博士於1963年在美國華府國家廣場發表「我有一個夢」知名演說，以下為演講全文。


上圖：〈我有一個夢〉演說發表地點：華府林肯紀念堂（圖片引自網路）

上圖：馬丁路德．金恩（圖片引自網路）


I have a dream（我有一個夢）
 

I am happy to join with you today in what will go down in history as the greatest demonstration for freedom in the history of our nation.
譯文：
今天，我有如此榮幸能跟著大家，一起加入這個示威活動的行列，這次必將成為美國歷史上爭取自由最偉大的示威活動。

Five score years ago, a great American, in whose symbolic shadow we stand signed the Emancipation Proclamation.
譯文：
一百年前，一位偉大的美國人（編者註：指美國總統林肯）簽署了〈解放黑奴宣言〉，今天我們就是站在他的雕像前集會。

This momentous decree came as a great beacon light of hope to millions of Negro slaves who had been seared in the flames of withering injustice.
譯文：
這劃時代的宣言，猶如一道光芒，給千百萬在那摧殘生命的不義烈焰中受煎熬的黑奴，帶來了希望。

It came as a joyous daybreak to end the long night of captivity.
譯文：
它的到來猶如歡樂的黎明，結束了囚禁黑人的漫漫長夜。

But one hundred years later, we must face the tragic fact that the Negro is still not free.
譯文：
然而，一百年後的今天，我們仍必須正視黑人還沒有得到自由這個悲慘的現實。

One hundred years later, the life of the Negro is still sadly crippled by the manacles of segregation and the chains of discrimination.
譯文：
一百年後的今天，在種族隔離的鐐銬和種族歧視的枷鎖下，黑人的生活仍備受壓榨。

One hundred years later, the Negro lives on a lonely island of poverty in the midst of a vast ocean of material prosperity.
譯文：
一百年後的今天，黑人仍生活在物質充裕富饒的海洋中一個窮困的孤島上。

One hundred years later, the Negro is still languishing in the corners of American society and finds himself an exile in his own land.
譯文：
一百年後的今天，黑人仍然萎縮在美國社會的角落裡，並且在自己的土地上流亡。

So we have come here today to dramatize an appalling condition.
譯文：
今天我們在這裡集會，就是要把這種駭人聽聞的情況公諸於眾。

（二）

In a sense we have come to our nation's capital to cash a check.
譯文：
就某種意義而言，今天我們是為了要求兌現諾言，匯集到我們國家的首都而來。

When the architects of our republic wrote the magnificent words of the Constitution and the Declaration of Independence, they were signing a promissory note to which every American was to fall heir.
譯文：
我們共和國的締造者草擬〈憲法〉和〈獨立宣言〉壯麗的詞句時，曾向每一個美國人許下諾言。

This note was a promise that all men would be guaranteed the inalienable rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.
譯文：
他們承諾給予所有的人保證以生存、自由和追求幸福等不可剝奪的權利。

It is obvious today that America has defaulted on this promissory note insofar as her citizens of color are concerned.
譯文：
今天顯而易見的是，就有色公民而論，美國並沒有實踐這個諾言。

Instead of honoring this sacred obligation, America has given the Negro people a bad check which has come back marked "insufficient funds."
譯文：
美國沒有履行這項神聖的義務，只是給黑人開了一張空頭支票，支票上蓋著「資金不足」的戳印後，便退了回來。

But we refuse to believe that the bank of justice is bankrupt.
譯文：
但是，我們不相信正義的銀行已經破產。

We refuse to believe that there are insufficient funds in the great vaults of opportunity of this nation.
譯文：
我們不相信，在這個國家巨大的機會倉庫裡，已沒有足夠的儲備資金。

So we have come to cash this check──a check that will give us upon demand the riches of freedom and the security of justice.
譯文：
因此今天我們要求兌現這張支票──這張支票將給予我們寶貴的自由和正義的保障。

We have also come to this hallowed spot to remind America of the fierce urgency of now.
譯文：
我們來到這個神聖的地方，也是為了提醒美國，現在是非常迫切的時刻。

This is no time to engage in the luxury of cooling off or to take the tranquilizing drug of gradualism.
譯文：
現在不是奢談好好冷靜下來、或服用漸進改革的鎮靜劑的時候。

Now is the time to rise from the dark and desolate valley of segregation to the sunlit path of racial justice.
譯文：
現在是從種族隔離的荒涼黑暗的深谷，攀升向種族平等的光明大道的時候。

Now is the time to lift our nation from the quicksands of racial injustice to the solid rock of brotherhood.
譯文：
現在是把我們的國家，從種族不平等的流沙中解放拯救出來，置於兄弟情誼的磐石上的時候。

Now is the time to open the doors of opportunity to all of God's children.
譯文：
現在是向上帝所有的兒女，開啟機會之門的時候。

It would be fatal for the nation to overlook the urgency of the moment and to underestimate the determination of the Negro.
譯文：
如果美國忽視當下的迫切性，低估黑人的決心，那麼，這對美國來說，將是嚴重的致命傷害。

This sweltering summer of the Negro's legitimate discontent will not pass until there is an invigorating autumn of freedom and equality.
譯文：
如果自由和平等的爽朗秋天不能到來，黑人義憤填膺的酷暑就不會過去。

（三）

Nineteen sixty-three is not an end, but a beginning.
譯文：
一九六三年並不意味著抗爭的結束，而是開始。

Those who hope that the Negro needed to blow off steam and will now be content will have a rude awakening if the nation returns to business as usual.
譯文：
有人希望，黑人只要消消火氣就會滿足；如果國家安之若素，像往常一樣恢復工作，毫無任何反應，這些人必會大失所望。

There will be neither rest nor tranquility in America until the Negro is granted his citizenship rights.
譯文：
在黑人得到公民權利之前，美國不可能有安寧和平靜。

The whirlwinds of revolt will continue to shake the foundations of our nation until the bright day of justice emerges.
譯文：
正義光輝的一天不到來，反抗的旋風就將繼續動搖這個國家的基礎。

But there is something that I must say to my people who stand on the warm threshold which leads into the palace of justice.
譯文：
但是對於等候在正義殿堂外激昂雀躍的人們，有些話我是必須說的。

In the process of gaining our rightful place we must not be guilty of wrongful deeds.
譯文：
在爭取應有地位的過程中，我們不要採取錯誤的做法。

Let us not seek to satisfy our thirst for freedom by drinking from the cup of bitterness and hatred.
譯文：
我們不要尋求一杯苦澀和仇恨，來滿足對自由的渴望。

We must forever conduct our struggle on the high plane of dignity and discipline.
譯文：
我們必須永遠在尊嚴和紀律的高度上進行奮鬥。

We must not allow our creative protest to degenerate into physical violence.
譯文：
我們不能容許我們的具有創造性的抗議，墮落為肢體的暴力行動。

Again and again we must rise to the majestic heights of meeting physical force with soul force.
譯文：
我們要不斷地昇華到以精神力量，去對付身體力量的崇高境界中去。

The marvelous new militancy which has engulfed the Negro community must not lead us to distrust of all white people,
譯文：
現在黑人社會充滿著了不起的新的戰鬥精神，但是我們卻不能因此不信任所有的白人。

for many of our white brothers, as evidenced by their presence here today, have come to realize that their destiny is tied up with our destiny and their freedom is inextricably bound to our freedom.
課文：
因為我們的許多白人兄弟已經認識到，他們的命運與我們的命運緊密相連，他們今天參加遊行集會就是明證。他們的自由與我們的自由息息相關。

We cannot walk alone.
譯文：
我們不能單獨行動。

（四）

And as we walk, we must make the pledge that we shall march ahead.
譯文：
在我們行進的同時，我們必須立下誓言，堅定向前邁進。

We cannot turn back.
譯文：
我們不能回頭。

There are those who are asking the devotees of civil rights, "When will you be satisfied?" we can never be satisfied as long as our bodies, heavy with the fatigue of travel, cannot gain lodging in the motels of the highways and the hotels of the cities.
譯文：
有人問熱心民權運動的人，「你們什麼時候才能滿意？」只要我們在外奔波而疲乏的身軀，不能在公路旁的汽車旅館和城裡的旅館找到住宿之所，我們就絕不會滿足。

We cannot be satisfied as long as the Negro's basic mobility is from a smaller ghetto to a larger one.
譯文：
只要黑人的基本活動範圍，只是從少數民族聚居的小貧民區流動到較大的貧民區，我們就絕不滿足。

We can never be satisfied as long as a Negro in Mississippi cannot vote and a Negro in New York believes he has nothing for which to vote.
譯文：
只要密西西比州仍然有一個黑人不能參加選舉，只要紐約有一個黑人認為他沒有投票權，我們就絕不會滿足。

No, no, we are not satisfied, and we will not be satisfied until justice rolls down like waters and righteousness like a mighty stream.
譯文：
絕不！我們現在並不滿足，我們將來也不滿足，除非正義和公正如江海之波濤，洶湧澎湃，滾滾而來。

I am not unmindful that some of you have come here out of great trials and tribulations.
譯文：
我並非沒有注意到，參加今天集會的人中，有些人是受盡苦難和折磨來到這裡。

Some of you have come fresh from narrow cells.
譯文：
有些人剛剛走出狹窄的牢房。

Some of you have come from areas where your quest for freedom left you battered by the storms of persecution and staggered by the winds of police brutality.
譯文：
有些人來自你們追求自由的地方，讓你們慘遭瘋狂迫害的襲擊，並在警察暴虐的旋風中受到折磨。

You have been the veterans of creative suffering.
譯文：
你們一直是長期受難、但能以創造的思維推動改革的老兵。

Continue to work with the faith that unearned suffering is redemptive.
譯文：
繼續堅持下去吧，要堅決相信，忍受不應得的苦難，是一種救贖。

Go back to Mississippi, go back to Alabama, go back to Georgia, go back to Louisiana, go back to the slums and ghettos of our northern cities, knowing that somehow this situation can and will be changed.
譯文：
讓我們回到密西西比州去，回到阿拉巴馬州去，回到南卡羅來納州去，回到喬治亞州去，回到路易斯安那州去，回到我們北方城市和少數民族中的貧民窟去，心中要明白，這種狀況是能夠也必將改變的。

Let us not wallow in the valley of despair.
譯文：
我們不要陷入絕望的深谷而不可自拔。

I say to you today, my friends, that in spite of the difficulties and frustrations of the moment, I still have a dream.
譯文：
我的朋友們，今天我對你們說，儘管在此時此刻，我們雖遭受種種困難和挫折，我仍然有一個夢。

It is a dream deeply rooted in the American dream.
譯文：
這個夢是根深蒂固於美國的夢想中的。

I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: "We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men are created equal."
譯文：
我夢想有一天，這個國家會站起來，真正實現其信條的真諦：「我們認為這些真理是不言而喻的──人，生而平等。」

（五）

I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slaveowners will be able to sit down together at a table of brotherhood.
譯文：
我夢想有一天，在喬治亞州的紅山上，昔日奴隸的兒子將能夠和昔日奴隸主的兒子坐在一起，共敘兄弟情誼。

I have a dream that one day even the state of Mississippi, a desert state, sweltering with the heat of injustice and oppression, will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice.
譯文：
我夢想有一天，甚至連密西西比州這個正義匿跡，不公正的壓迫成風，如同沙漠般的地方，也將變成自由和正義的綠洲。

I have a dream that my four children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character.
譯文：
我夢想有一天，我的四個孩子將生活在一個不是以他們的膚色，而是以他們的品格優劣來評價他們的國度裡。

I have a dream today.
譯文：
今天，我有一個夢。

I have a dream that one day the state of Alabama, whose governor's lips are presently dripping with the words of interposition and nullification, will be transformed into a situation where little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys and white girls and walk together as sisters and brothers.
譯文：
我有一個夢，總有一天，阿拉巴馬州能夠有所轉變，儘管阿拉巴馬州長現在仍然滿口異議，反對聯邦法令，但有朝一日，那裡的黑人男孩和女孩將能與白人男孩和女孩情同骨肉，攜手走在一起。

I have a dream today.
譯文：
今天，我有一個夢。

I have a dream that one day every valley shall be exalted, every hill and mountain shall be made low, the rough places will be made plain, and the crooked places will be made straight, and the glory of the Lord shall be revealed, and all flesh shall see it together.
譯文：
我夢想有一天，每一個幽谷都被提昇，每一座高山都下降變得低沉，崎嶇的地方變得低沉，坎坷彎曲之路成為平坦，聖光披露，滿照人間，所有的眾生都能看見。

This is our hope.
譯文：
這就是我們的希望。

This is the faith with which I return to the South.
譯文：
我懷著這種信念回到南方。

With this faith we will be able to hew out of the mountain of despair a stone of hope.
譯文：
有了這個信念，我們將能從絕望的山中掘出一塊希望之石。

With this faith we will be able to transform the jangling discords of our nation into a beautiful symphony of brotherhood.
譯文：
有了這個信念，我們將能把這個國家刺耳吵雜的聲音，改變成為一支洋溢手足兄弟之情的優美交響曲。

With this faith we will be able to work together, to pray together, to struggle together, to go to jail together, to stand up for freedom together, knowing that we will be free one day.
譯文：
有了這個信念，我們將能一起工作，一起祈禱，一起鬥爭，一起坐牢，一起站出來爭取自由；因為我們知道，終有一天，我們會自由。

This will be the day when all of God's children will be able to sing with a new meaning,
譯文：
在自由到來的那一天，上帝的所有兒女們將以新的含義高唱這支歌：

"My country, 'tis of thee, sweet land of liberty, of thee I sing. Land where my fathers died, land of the pilgrim's pride, from every mountainside, let freedom ring."
譯文：
「我的國家，美麗的自由之鄉，我為妳歌唱。這塊土地是我父輩離世的地方，是最初移民的驕傲，讓自由之聲響徹每個山崗。」

And if America is to be a great nation, this must become true.
譯文：
如果美國要成為一個偉大的國家，這個夢想必將實現。

（六）

So let freedom ring from the prodigious hilltops of New Hampshire.
譯文：
讓自由的鐘聲，從新罕布什爾州的巍峨峰巔響徹起來！

Let freedom ring from the mighty mountains of New York.
譯文：
讓自由的鐘聲，從紐約州的崇山峻嶺響徹起來！

Let freedom ring from the heightening Alleghenies of Pennsylvania!
譯文：
讓自由的鐘聲，從賓夕法尼亞州阿勒格尼山的頂峰響徹起來！

Let freedom ring from the snowcapped Rockies of Colorado!
譯文：
讓自由的鐘聲，從科羅拉多州白雪皚皚的落磯山脈響徹起來！

Let freedom ring from the curvaceous peaks of California!
譯文：
讓自由的鐘聲，從加利福尼亞州蜿蜒的群峰響徹起來！

But not only that; let freedom ring from Stone Mountain of Georgia!
譯文：
不僅如此，還要讓自由的鐘聲，從喬治亞州的石山響徹起來！

Let freedom ring from Lookout Mountain of Tennessee!
譯文：
讓自由的鐘聲，從田納西州的瞭望山響徹起來！

Let freedom ring from every hill and every molehill of Mississippi.
譯文：
讓自由的鐘聲，從密西西比的每一座丘陵響徹起來！

From every mountainside, let freedom ring.
譯文：
讓自由的鐘聲，從每一片山坡響徹起來。

When we let freedom ring, when we let it ring from every village and every hamlet, from every state and every city, we will be able to speed up that day when all of God's children, black men and white men, Jews and Gentiles, Protestants and Catholics, will be able to join hands and sing in the words of the old Negro spiritual,
譯文：
當我們讓自由的鐘聲響起，讓自由的鐘聲從每個村莊、每個州和每一個城市響起來的時候，我們將能夠加速這一天的到來，那時，上帝的所有兒女，黑人和白人，猶太教徒和非猶太教徒，耶穌教徒和天主教徒，都將手攜著手，合唱一首古老的黑人靈歌：

"Free at last! free at last! thank God Almighty, we are free at last!"
譯文：
「終於自由了！終於自由了！感謝全能的上帝，我們終於自由了！」

上圖：馬丁路德．金恩（圖片引自網路）

上圖：林肯紀念堂正前方的國家廣場華盛頓紀念碑（圖片引自網路）